Up: Glassmaking
How Bottles Made 9 of 18
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When green glass is wanted, limestone is used. Both amber and
emerald green glass consist of the same materials as the green
batch, but to the amber, coke, charcoal, manganese, ferric oxide,
sulphur and salt must be added, while the emerald green is
completed with coke, sodium bichromate and cobalt.
Glass melts at a temperature of from 2500 to 2700 degrees
Fahrenheit. During the melting and refining processes,
constant watchfulness is required. One problem is to keep
the coarser elements from separating from the finer ones in
the batch. Another is that of the viscosity of the molten
glass. This is kept at the proper point by keeping the
temperature at approximately 2000 degrees with the aid of
an optical pyrometer. At this temperature it is at the proper
consistency to be fed from the feeder into the machines.
Here is one of the warehouses in which Whitall Tatum
Company bottles are stored pending shipment. The storage
capacity runs into millions of bottles. Dry storage is an
unusual but necessary feature in bottle manufacture, for long
ago, we discovered that glass subjected to to the elements
tends to deteriorate. Strangely enough, moisture is
particularly to be avoided. Gasoline and electric tractors
fly in and out of these long aisles, stocking fresh supplies
or carting them away to the nearby rail siding.
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