nearly of one uniform bore, diameter, and substance; and whatever may be the diameter of the tube, the bore and substance will always bear exact relative ratio to each other. Lastly, it is deposited upon the wood rounds of a ladder, and requisite lengths are whetted off by the cold iron, or by a steel file.

As Glass-house manipulations, the Venetians were preeminent; they produced, if not the most elegant, at least extremely curious, work. In the manufacture of Glass beads, the Venetians have no rival, their price being far below English competition. The Venetian glasses, termed "filigree," have recently been made in France and Bohemia, and a few specimens in England. Before ornaments or vessels can be blown, small filigree canes* with white or variously coloured enamels, must be drawn by the following process:—Pieces of plain, coloured, or opaque white cane, previously drawn as explained above, are first whetted off to the required lengths,