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CHAPTER VII

THE LIBBEY-OWENS PROCESS

WITH the history of flat glass thus outlined in the previous chapters, it should be of interest now to consider in detail the Libbey-Owens process for making flat-drawn sheet glass.
    The preliminary operations are very similar to those in other forms of glass manufacture. The mixture of the ingredients, called the batch, composed of sand, ground limestone, soda ash and salt cake, with a certain amount of cullet or broken glass, is fed into the furnace and melted under a heat of about 2,500 degrees Fahrenheit. The furnace contains from 600 to 900 tons of molten glass. This molten glass passes from the melting chamber to the refining chamber, where it is gradually settled