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Page 20

 
keep large shops or warehouses, some dealing only in iron and steel unwrought, others in a vast variety of wares made of iron, steel and brass, the manufacturing of which is in greater perfection in England than in any part of the world."
    In Bread Street, the sons of Samuel Hayward were growing up. By the nature of their upbringing they would soon be fully versed in the mysteries of the glass trade. James Hayward was the first to depart from the family business to that of ironmongery. But in early life he appears to have been a rolling stone, settling to no fixed occupation until his fathers death when a caustic reference in the will may have brought a greater sense of responsibility. Another son, John, stayed in the business for some years assisting his father in his old age. At the same time, he extended the scope of trade to include house decorating and later he added ornamental painting and wallpaper design.
    Samuel, a third son and in the direct line from his father to Haywards Limited, remained staunch to glass-cutting and glazing. In 1809, he became a partner in the firm of Leathley and Chater, glass-cutters and sellers, of St. Dunstan's Hill, the style being altered to Leathley, Chater and Hayward.
    Both the Leathley and Chater families, like the Haywards, were Nonconformists and all three had intermarried. A sister of the Reverend Samuel Hayward had married a Mr. Leathley and when young Samuel Hayward left his father's business to become a partner in what was purely a family firm, a connection had existed between the Haywards and the Leathleys for some eighty years. A daughter of the senior partner, Leathley, also married the second partner, Chater, so the family ties were particularly close.
    Forty years of the history of Haywards Limited is represented by the period during which the second Samuel Hayward and his two sons after him served as partners in this old-established firm still operating today as Joseph Chater and Sons, Ltd., Glass Factors, Builders' Merchants and Sanitary Specialists.
    All three sons of old Samuel Hayward married early in life. After the early death of his first wife, the younger Samuel Hayward